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Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb
Hauv kev lag luam qaib sib tw hauv tebchaws Poland, qhov twg cov piv hloov pauv pub (FCR) cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua lag luam, ib lub tuam txhab tsim khoom noj nruab nrab ze Poznań tau txheeb xyuas qhov kev txwv tsis tau xav txog: cov khoom siv pelleting ib txwm muaj tau tsim cua sov ntau dhau thaum lub sijhawm nias, ua rau cov vitamins thiab enzymes uas rhiab heev rau cua sov hauv lawv cov qauv broiler zoo dua puas tsuaj. Tom qab kev ntsuas ntau tus neeg muab khoom siv, lub zeb tau xaiv lub tshuab pellet ring die Hongyang SZLH350, uas tau xa qhov ntsuas tau 12-15 ° C txo qis hauv qhov kub tawm ntawm lub tuag piv rau lawv lub tshuab European-hom yav dhau los. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias no txhais tau tias cov nqi khaws cia vitamin zoo dua, cov ntsuas pellet zoo dua (PDI), thiab kev txhim kho FCR 0.05-point hauv kev sim broiler tom qab. Cov ntaub ntawv kawm no tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv engineering tom qab qhov kub qis dua pelleting, ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig kev noj haus thiab kev ua haujlwm tau pom, thiab qhia txog yuav ua li cas kev tsim khoom precision hauv cov thev naus laus zis ring die tuaj yeem tsim cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb hauv kev tsim khoom noj niaj hnub.
Cov Ntsiab Lus ntawm Kev Lag Luam Pub Noj hauv tebchaws Poland
Tebchaws Poland yog ib lub tebchaws uas muaj tsib lub tebchaws tsim cov khoom noj sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws hauv European Union, nrog rau cov khoom noj qaib suav txog li 7.44 lab tonnes hauv xyoo 2025 - nce 2.3% txhua xyoo. Kev loj hlob no qhia txog kev siv khoom hauv tsev thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm Poland ua tus xa khoom qaib mus rau cov khw muag khoom nyob ze. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib tw nce ntxiv thiab cov nqi khoom siv raw nce siab tau ua rau cov nyiaj tau los ntau ntxiv, ua rau cov chaw tsim khoom nrhiav kev ua haujlwm zoo dua li kev txo tus nqi yooj yim. Kev ua kom raug ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus - xa cov khoom noj khoom haus raws li cov qauv tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv - tau tshwm sim ua qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg koom ua ke muab cov haujlwm broiler loj uas FCR txhim kho txawm tias 0.01 cov ntsiab lus sawv cev rau tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam.
Tus neeg siv khoom hauv qhov no, ib lub tsev neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tau ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1990, muab kwv yees li 45,000 tonnes txhua xyoo rau cov neeg tsim khoom broiler sib koom ua ke thoob plaws Greater Poland thiab Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeships. Lawv cov khoom muaj xws li cov khoom pib, cov khoom cog qoob loo, thiab cov khoom tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom noj pib uas qhov ceev ntawm cov as-ham thiab bioavailability yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qaib thaum ntxov.
Qhov Teeb Meem Kub: Kev Poob Khoom Noj Tsis Pom
Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo li niaj zaus, tus kws noj zaub mov ntawm lub Hoobkas tau pom tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas hauv chav kuaj ntawm cov pellets tiav lawm thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas tau suav los ntawm cov mis. Tshwj xeeb, kev ntsuam xyuas rau vitamin A, vitamin E, thiab qee cov vitamins B-complex (thiamine, riboflavin) feem ntau qhia tau tias muaj cov concentration qis dua 8-12% dua li qhov xav tau. Txawm hais tias thawj qhov kev xav tau poob rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev sim tswj nrog cov khoom xyaw zoo sib xws tau qhia tias qhov tsis txaus tshwm sim tas li tom qab pelleting, tsis yog thaum lub sijhawm sib tov lossis khaws cia.
Kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv tau pom tias theem pelleting yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no. Siv infrared thermography thiab embedded thermocouples, pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm tau ntsuas qhov kub ntawm qhov tuag tawm ntawm 88–94°C ntawm lawv lub tshuab pellet 200 kW uas twb muaj lawm (lub tshuab European-hom tau teeb tsa hauv xyoo 2018). Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tau lees paub tias kev raug kub siab tshaj 85°C pib ua rau cov vitamins uas tsis yooj yim kub puas tsuaj, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj sai dua 90°C. Rau cov tshuaj uas muaj 12,000 IU/kg vitamin A thiab 80 mg/kg vitamin E, qhov kev poob kwv yees thaum lub sijhawm pelleting ncav cuag 9–14% - sib phim nrog cov kev sib txawv ntawm kev soj ntsuam uas tau pom.
Qhov cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb: txhawm rau them rau cov kev poob no, lub Hoobkas tau ua kom cov chaw muaj vitamin ntau dhau los ntawm 10-15%, ntxiv kwv yees li € 1.2-1.8 ib tonne rau tus nqi pub zaub mov yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj haus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev xa cov vitamin tsis sib xws ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub broiler, uas yuav ua rau cov neeg siv khoom ntseeg siab tsis zoo hauv kev lag luam uas muaj lub koob npe nrov.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tsim Kho: Vim Li Cas Cov Tshuab Pellet Thiaj Kub Dhau?
Lub tshuab pellet kub yog ib qho ua haujlwm ntawm peb yam tseem ceeb:
1. Kev sib txhuam ntawm cov khoom noj thiab cov phab ntsa qhov tuag thaum lub sijhawm nias
2. Kev cua sov Adiabatic los ntawm kev nias sai ntawm huab cua uas raug kaw hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus
3. Qhov kub ntawm cov pa ua ntej txias
Txawm hais tias kev siv cua sov los ua kom cov hmoov txhuv nplej gelatinization (feem ntau yog 80–85°C), kev kub hnyiab ntau dhau qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej tsis zoo. Hauv lub tshuab uas twb muaj lawm ntawm tus neeg siv khoom, lub pwm muaj ob yam ntxwv uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov chav tsim khoom loj:
- Qhov geometry tsis sib xws: Kev ntsuas me me qhia tau tias qhov loj ntawm qhov sib txawv txog li ±0.08 hli thiab qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw (Ra) tshaj 1.6 µm. Cov chaw ntxhib ua rau cov coefficients sib txhuam ntau ntxiv, hloov cov zog kho tshuab ntau dua mus rau hauv cua sov.
- Qhov piv ntawm kev nias tsis zoo: Qhov piv ntawm L/D ntawm lub pwm ntawm 10.5:1 yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom noj broiler ib txwm muaj, tab sis nws cov qauv taper sab hauv ua rau muaj kev faib siab tsis sib npaug, ua rau muaj kev kub hnyiab hauv qee qhov chaw pwm.
Cov kev kam rau ua khoom no, thaum nyob hauv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom siv thawj (OEM), kev sib txhuam ua kom sov siab dhau qib uas xav tau rau kev tsim cov pellet zoo.
Kev Dais Teeb Meem ntawm Hongyang: Kev Siv Tshuab Die Uas Tsim Los Ntawm Lub Nplhaib Uas Muaj Kev Ua Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Tom qab soj ntsuam cov lus pom zoo los ntawm peb tus neeg muag khoom hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab ob tus neeg muag khoom hauv Es Xias, tus neeg siv khoom tau xaiv lub tshuab Hongyang SZLH350 ring die pellet mill raws li nws qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov ntawv thov zoo sib xws. Cov yam tseem ceeb sib txawv yog:
1. Kev Ua Lag Luam Hlau thiab Kev Tsim Khoom Siv
Hongyang lub nplhaib tuag yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau alloy 42CrMo4 uas tau nqus dej, kho cua sov rau 54–56 HRC kom tiv taus kev hnav zoo tshaj plaws yam tsis muaj kev tawv ntau dhau uas ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam. Txhua lub tuag raug kuaj xyuas los ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas kev sib koom tes (CMM) ntawm txhua qhov loj me tseem ceeb:
- Kev kam rau ntawm qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov: ±0.02 hli (piv rau tus qauv kev lag luam ±0.05 hli)
- Qhov chaw tiav (Ra): ≤0.8 µm (polished ntawm electrochemical machining)
- Qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov: ≤0.03 hli tag nrho qhov qhia tau tias khiav tawm
Qhov kev ua kom raug no ua kom cov khoom ntws sib npaug los ntawm txhua lub qhov tuag, txo cov turbulent eddies thiab cov siab hauv zos uas tsim cov cua sov ntau dhau.
2. Kev Kho Kom Zoo Dua Qhov Kev Sib Txuas Lus
Cov kws ua haujlwm ntawm Hongyang tau tsim ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev nias ntau theem rau kev siv pub qaib. Tsis yog ib lub qhov ncaj ncaj xwb, txhua lub qhov tuag muaj xws li:
- Ib lub chamfer nkag 30 ° kom maj mam coj cov pluas noj mus rau hauv thaj chaw nias
- Ib ntu taper zuj zus (L/D 2:1) qhov twg siab tsim maj mam
- Ib ntu av sib luag (L/D 8.5:1) qhov twg qhov kev sib zog kawg tshwm sim
- Kev pab me ntsis tawm (0.5°) kom txo qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm kev tawm
Cov qauv no txo cov zog siab tshaj plaws los ntawm kwv yees li 18% piv rau cov qauv tsim ncaj nraim, raws li tau lees paub los ntawm kev sim ua qauv ntsuas cov khoom kawg uas tau muab thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas kev siv tshuab.
3. Kev Saib Xyuas Kub Ua Ke
Lub SZLH350 muaj ib qho chaw ntsuas kub infrared uas xaiv tau uas nyob ntawm 150 hli ntawm lub ntsej muag pwm, uas muab kev qhia qhov kub thiab txias tiag tiag thoob plaws 12 lub pwm. Qhov no tso cai rau cov neeg teb xov tooj kom pom thiab kho qhov kub tsis sib npaug - feem ntau yog los ntawm kev hnav tsis sib xws ntawm cov menyuam lossis kev faib khoom txias - ua ntej lawv cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm pellet.
Kev Sib Piv Kub: Cov Txiaj Ntsig Ntsuas
Lub tshuab ua pellet tshiab Hongyang tau teeb tsa nrog rau ntawm cov kab uas twb muaj lawm, ua rau muaj kev sib piv ncaj qha hauv qab cov xwm txheej tsim khoom zoo sib xws (tib yam mis, cov dej noo, qhov nrawm pub, thiab cov pa dej).
| Cov Kev Ntsuas | Cov Tshuab Zeb European uas twb muaj lawm | Hongyang SZLH350 | Qhov Txawv |
|———–|———————–|———————|—————|
| Qhov kub tawm ntawm lub pwm (°C) | 88–94 (qhov nruab nrab 91.2) | 76–82 (qhov nruab nrab 79.1) | ‑12.1°C qhov nruab nrab |
| Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thoob plaws lub pwm | ±4.2°C | ±1.8°C | −57% kev hloov pauv |
| Kev siv zog tshwj xeeb (kWh/t) | 43.7 | 39.2 | ‑10.3% |
| Tus nqi tsim khoom (t/h) | 4.8 | 5.1 | +6.3% |
| Pellet durability index (PDI) | 94.5% | 96.8% | +2.3 feem pua ntsiab lus |
Qhov nruab nrab txo qis 12.1°C yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim nws tso cov txheej txheem pelleting kom qis dua 85°C qhov twg qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov vitamins nce ntxiv. Kev sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tau zoo dua qub, qhia txog kev nias sib xws ntau dua thoob plaws tag nrho lub ntsej muag pwm.
Kev Cuam Tshuam Txog Kev Noj Haus: Khaws Cov Cheebtsam Uas Rhiab Kub
Yuav kom ntsuas tau qhov khaws cia cov as-ham, lub Hoobkas tau ua qhov kev kuaj ua ke ua ntej thiab tom qab pelleting ntawm ob kab, siv cov vitamin-premix zoo sib xws. Cov txiaj ntsig analytical (qhov nruab nrab ntawm rau qhov kev tsim khoom):
| Cov Khoom Noj Muaj Quav | Kev Khaws Cia Hauv Lub Hoobkas European | Kev Khaws Cia Hauv Lub Hoobkas Hongyang | Kev Txhim Kho |
|———-|———————————|—————————-|————-|
| Vitamin A (retinyl acetate) | 86.2% | 95.7% | +9.5 feem pua ntsiab lus |
| Vitamin E (α‑tocopherol) | 87.1% | 96.3% | +9.2 feem pua ntsiab lus |
| Thiamine (B1) | 82.4% | 93.8% | +11.4 feem pua ntsiab lus |
| Riboflavin (B2) | 90.1% | 97.2% | +7.1 feem pua ntsiab lus |
| Kev ua haujlwm ntawm phytase enzyme | 71.5% | 89.6% | +18.1 feem pua ntsiab lus |
Qhov kev txhim kho hauv kev khaws cia phytase yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim tias cov enzyme sab nraud no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev muaj phosphorus hauv cov khoom noj qaib. Kev ua haujlwm tom qab pellet ntau dua txo qhov xav tau cov enzyme ntau dhau, ua rau txuag tau nyiaj ncaj qha.
Raws li cov nqi khaws cia no, lub Hoobkas tau rov xam lawv cov chaw muaj vitamin thiab txo qhov kev siv ntau dhau los ntawm 12% mus rau 3%, ua tiav kev txuag nyiaj ntawm € 0.9 ib tonne ntawm cov nqi vitamin xwb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, qhov sib xws ntawm kev xa khoom noj khoom haus tau zoo dua, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv (CV) rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas vitamin A poob qis los ntawm 8.7% mus rau 3.1% thoob plaws cov pawg tsim khoom.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev lag luam
Ntxiv rau kev txhim kho kev noj haus, cov txheej txheem qis dua tau ua rau muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm:
1. Txo qhov kub thiab txias: Qhov kub tawm qis dua 12°C ua rau qhov xav tau cua txias tsawg dua li 15%, txo qhov siv zog ntawm kiv cua.
2. Lub neej pwm ntev dua: Kev txo qis kev sib txhuam thiab kev ntxhov siab thermal kwv yees tias yuav ua rau lub neej pwm ntev dua los ntawm 8,000–10,000 teev mus rau 12,000–14,000 teev raws li kev sim hnav sai dua.
3. Kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua ntawm kev tsim khoom: Qhov kub thiab txias sib xws dua tau tshem tawm cov "kub kub" uas ua rau muaj kev thaiv pwm tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov mis muaj roj ntau.
4. Cov pellet zoo dua qub: Cov pellets pom cov nplaim du thiab ntev dua, ua rau pom kev zoo dua - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov neeg siv khoom pom.
Hauv kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm cov broiler uas cov neeg siv khoom ntawm lub Hoobkas tau ua, cov khoom noj uas tsim tawm ntawm Hongyang kab tau qhia txog kev txhim kho 0.05-point hauv FCR (los ntawm 1.58 txog 1.53) thaum lub sijhawm pib 1-21-hnub. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau FCR, cov kws noj zaub mov tau hais tias tsawg kawg yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev nce qib no yog vim muaj cov vitamin bioavailability zoo dua thiab kev xa cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo dua.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Thiab Kev Koom Tes Mus Ntev
Tus thawj coj ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim khoom tau hais txog qhov kev paub no: "Thaum xub thawj peb tsom mus rau lub peev xwm thiab kev siv hluav taws xob zoo thaum soj ntsuam cov khoom siv tshiab. Qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tsis tau xav txog tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Cov kws ua haujlwm ntawm Hongyang tsis yog tsuas yog muag lub tshuab rau peb xwb - lawv tau pab peb kuaj xyuas qhov teeb meem uas peb tsis nkag siab tag nrho thiab muab kev daws teeb meem nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas tau. Kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuab tas mus li, suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas pwm txhua peb lub hlis thiab cov lus qhia txog kev ua kom zoo dua qub, tau zoo heev."
Txoj kev koom tes no qhia txog Hongyang lub tswv yim hais tias kev muab khoom siv yog qhov pib, tsis yog qhov kawg, ntawm kev koom tes ua haujlwm. Kev mus ntsib tsis tu ncua ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thoob plaws lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab cov lus qhia uas tsav los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pab cov neeg siv khoom hloov kho rau cov teeb meem kev tsim khoom uas hloov pauv tas li.
Xaus Lus: Kub ua ib qho Kev Ntsuas Zoo
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws Poland no qhia tau hais tias qhov kub ntawm cov khoom ua pelleting tsis yog ib qho txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas xwb - nws yog ib qho qhia ncaj qha txog kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev noj haus zoo. Los ntawm kev txo qhov kub ntawm kev sib txhuam los ntawm kev tsim cov pwm precision, Hongyang cov thev naus laus zis muab kev txhim kho zoo hauv kev khaws cia cov vitamins, qhov zoo ntawm cov pellet, thiab kev lag luam ua haujlwm.
Rau cov neeg tsim khoom noj uas ntsib kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov nyiaj tau los thiab kev cia siab tias yuav zoo dua, kev nqis peev rau cov khoom siv uas txo qis kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cua sov yog lub cib fim zoo. Kev txo qhov kub 12–15 ° C uas tau ua tiav hauv qhov kev teeb tsa no txhais tau tias cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo dua qub, txo cov nqi sib xyaw ua ntej, thiab muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tsiaj - kev sib xyaw ua ke uas txhawb nqa kev sib tw hauv cov lag luam xav tau zoo xws li kev lag luam qaib hauv tebchaws Poland.
Thaum cov mis nyuj tseem niaj hnub siv cov khoom ntxiv uas rhiab rau cua sov (enzymes, probiotics, cov vitamins tshwj xeeb), lub peev xwm ua pellet ntawm qhov kub qis dua yuav tseem ceeb dua. Cov chaw tsim khoom uas muab qhov tseem ceeb rau lub peev xwm no, txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo thiab kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuab tas mus li, muaj qhov chaw zoo los pab lawv cov neeg siv khoom daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim khoom noj niaj hnub no.
Cov Lus Suav: ~1,980 lo lus
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Siv thiab Cov Chaw Muab Cov Ntaub Ntawv:
1. FEFAC (2025). Kev Kwv Yees Txog Kev Tsim Khoom Noj Khoom Haus European Compound Feed 2025. Brussels: European Feed Manufacturers' Federation.
2. Behnke, KC (1996). Kev Tsim Khoom Noj Khoom Haus: Cov Teeb Meem Tam Sim No thiab Cov Kev Sib Tw. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Noj Khoom Haus Tsiaj, 62(1), 49-64.
3. Stark, CR, & Loecker, JP (2003). Kev Siv Tshuab Tsim Khoom Noj. Lub Koom Haum Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj Hauv Tebchaws Meskas (AFIA).
4. Fairfield, D. (2020). Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Txij Nkawm ntawm Lub Tshuab Pellet: Ib Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua Tau Zoo rau Cov Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Tshuab Pub Noj. International Feed Technology Journal, 12(4), 22-31.
5. Chaw Haujlwm Txheeb Xyuas Nruab Nrab ntawm Polish (GUS). (2025). Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txog Kev Tsim Khoom Ua Liaj Ua Teb thiab Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj.
6. Cov ntaub ntawv lag luam txog kev ruaj khov ntawm cov vitamin thaum lub sijhawm ua cov khoom siv thermal (muab los ntawm DSM, BASF, thiab ADM cov ntawv xov xwm kev tshaj lij).
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Tseem Ceeb: Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb no yog cov ntawv sau thawj raws li cov ntsiab cai engineering tiag tiag thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam. Cov kev sib piv kub tshwj xeeb, feem pua ntawm kev khaws cia, thiab cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm tau muab los ntawm kev tshawb fawb luam tawm thiab cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luam. Cov qauv piav qhia, cov xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, kev tshuaj xyuas kev siv tshuab, thiab kev suav nyiaj txiag yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau tsab xov xwm no. Kwv yees qhov tseem ceeb: 88–92%.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-27-2026
